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Image Spleen in a rabbit with RHD2
The spleen must be found during a post-mortem examination. Lifting the stomach and reflecting it dorsolaterally the spleen can be found, attached to the stomach by the lesser omentum. In this case it is at least double the size it should be. This is a sign of RHD.
Located in Media / / MACROSCOPIC CHANGES / SPLEEN
Image Splenomegaly
An enlarged spleen may be seen in cases of RHD. There are few other causes of splenomegaly in this species. Histologically the changes can range from moderate congestion to haemorrhage, deposition of fibrin, lymphocytolysis and necrosis of lymphoid tissue.
Located in Media / / MACROSCOPIC CHANGES / SPLEEN
Image Enlarged pale, mottled liver
The liver is always affected in rabbits with RHD. Microscopically hepatocellular necrosis is present in all cases. Macroscopically, there may be minimal changes or hepatomegaly with a pale mottled appearance as in this rabbit that died from RHDV2 confirmed by PCR testing.
Located in Media / / MACROSCOPIC CHANGES / LIVER
Image JPEG image Enlarged, congested, mottled liver
Congestion is often present in the organs of rabbits that have died from RHD and can mask other characteristic changes. The liver of this rabbit that died from RHD is congested. Close inspection shows a mottled appearance.
Located in Media / / MACROSCOPIC CHANGES / LIVER
Image Enlarged congested liver
An enlarged congested liver can be due to rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) but is also a macroscopic feature of other conditions, such as congestive heart failure or septicaemia. Close inspection of the liver shows a mottled appearance, which is suggestive of RHD. In this case, RHD was diagnosed from the histopathological finding of characteristic hepatocellular necrosis.
Located in Media / / MACROSCOPIC CHANGES / LIVER
Image Octet Stream Pulmonary congestion and oedema
Pulmonary haemorrhage and oedema are features of RHD although, macroscopically, it can be difficult to differentiate agonal changes, such as alveolar collapse, congestion, and alveolar oedema from lung pathology. In this confirmed case of RHD, fibrin thrombi were seen in occasional small capillaries and venules on histopathological examination.
Located in Media / / MACROSCOPIC CHANGES / LUNGS
Image ECMAScript program Ecchymotic pulmonary haemorrhages
In this confirmed case of RHD, ecchymotic haemorrhages were evident macroscopically and alveolar haemorrhages were seen microscopically.
Located in Media / / MACROSCOPIC CHANGES / LUNGS
Image image/x-jg Myocardial haemorrhages
Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy is a feature of acute cases of RHD and haemorrhages may be found in any part of the body. In this case, there were multifocal areas of haemorrhage in the myocardium, which were evident macroscopically and microscopically.
Located in Media / / MACROSCOPIC CHANGES / HEART
Image JPEG image Subtle macroscopic signs of RHD
Gross post-mortem signs are not always obvious in rabbits that died from RHD and this rabbit is an example. The liver is slightly enlarged and close inspection with a hand lens did show a mottled appearance. Histopathology showed characteristic hepatocellular necrosis and PCR testing confirmed the presence of RHDV2.
Located in Media / / MACROSCOPIC CHANGES / GROSS EXAMINATION
Image JPEG image Kidney
The kidney is frequently affected by RHD. Histologically, glomerular thrombosis is a feature of the disease in many cases. Macroscopic changes are often masked by congestion, so the kidney is dark red, which was the case in this rabbit that died from RHD. Manipulation of the image (shadow and highlight) has shown that changes were present.
Located in Media / / MACROSCOPIC CHANGES / KIDNEY